A 22 year old woman from the Netherlands recently
discovered just how nasty some spider bites can be. In this case the bite, or
more specifically the venom of that of a recluse spider.
These
spiders are notoriously known for what their venom is capable of
doing to the skin, muscle and bone around the bite. Thankfully they are not
known for being aggressive and it is fairly rare that they will actually bite.
Unlike other spider venoms, which normally attack the nervous system, the
recluse’s venom starts to immediately destroy the tissue around the area of the
infected skin. This is a process called necrosis, which is a form of cell
injury where cells begin to prematurely die due to external factors such as
toxins, infection or trauma.
The nasty result of necrosis is liquefied skin that is
left looking blackened. The infected tissue often has to be surgically removed
by cutting away the dead skin in order for the wound to heal. (See below
photographs).
Thankfully we do not
live in an area that the recluse call home and like mentioned earlier they are
not typically aggressive spiders. The recluse usually live quite closely and
peacefully around humans. Keep in mind that there are many other things that
cause necrosis, even some insect bites and bacterial infections. Such bacterial
infections have even been linked to hearing loss known as Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Sensorineural Hearing
Loss is a hearing loss in the inner ear due to the failure of the
auditory nerve.
To
put your mind at ease though take a look at the map below where the recluse
normally inhabit, and as you can see British Columbia is not within the range
of where they typically dwell.
What
does a recluse spider look like and how can you identify one? Some other
spiders may look similar so be sure to take a glance at the photos and key
identifiers listed below.
o No spines on the legs,
only fine hairs
o Six eyes arranged in
pairs, with one pair in front and a pair on either side.
o Uniformly light-colored
legs - no stripes, no bands
o Recluses make small
retreat webs behind objects, never out in the open.
o It is about 3/8 of an
inch in body length.
o A dark violin shape on
the cephalothorax.
o Uniformly coloured
abdomen which can vary from cream to dark brown depending on what it has eaten,
however, it will never have two colors of pigment at the same time.